{"id":12230,"date":"2023-04-21T11:35:32","date_gmt":"2023-04-21T09:35:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.biomed.de\/gram-positive-und-gram-negative-gram-reaktionen-erkennen\/"},"modified":"2025-06-02T14:56:14","modified_gmt":"2025-06-02T12:56:14","slug":"gram-positive-or-gram-negative","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.biomed.de\/en\/gram-positive-or-gram-negative\/","title":{"rendered":"Gram positive or gram negative"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1331.2px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>Gram staining is an important and classical staining technique used in human, veterinary and ecological microbiology to differentiate bacteria into groups.<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"data:image\/png;base64,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\" alt=\"pastedGraphic.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p>It is not easy to remember the corresponding Gram reaction due to the terms \u201d gram-negative\u201d and \u201cgram-positive\u201d. A simple trick to remember this is to combine the words \u201c<b>negative<\/b>\u201d and \u201c<b>minus<\/b>\u201d and imagine them on a <b>red<\/b> cell background. The plus sign, on the other hand, is connected with \u201c<b>positive<\/b>\u201d and \u201c<b>plus<\/b>\u201d on a <b>blue<\/b> cell background.<\/p>\n<p>How can the Gram reaction be explained? During staining, crystal violet ( = deep blue) penetrates the bacterial walls. All bacteria absorb this primary dye due to the ionic bond between the basic and acidic dye groups of the cells.<\/p>\n<p>In the second staining step with iodine-iodine potassium (= Lugol solution) an iodine colour complex is formed in combination with the crystal violet.<\/p>\n<p>In the third staining step, staining with alcohol, the gram positive and gram negative cells are differentiated: The iodine colour complex cannot be washed out due to the thick, rigid and narrow-pored cell walls of gram-positive bacteria. Therefore the gram-positive bacteria such as <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/i> or <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae<\/i> store the deep blue dye. In contrast, in the case of the Gram-negative bacteria such as <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>, <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i> or <i>Spirillum volutans<\/i>, the alcohol washes out the primary dye due to the coarse-meshed, thin peptidoglycan layer.<\/p>\n<p>In the fourth step, the counterstain with fuchsin or saffranin, this red dye is no longer absorbed by the gram-positive bacteria and thus they appear blue under the microscope. The gram-negative bacteria, on the other hand, can absorb fuchsin or safranin and appear red under the microscope.<\/p>\n<p>Whether fuchsin or saffranin is preferred as counterstain must be tested by the user himself. Some customers say that fuchsin is slightly purple and safranin, on the other hand, is clearly red. In our GRAMYfix product portfolio you will therefore find both solutions.<\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-separator fusion-full-width-sep\" style=\"align-self: center;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;margin-top:30px;margin-bottom:30px;width:100%;\"><\/div><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/blog.biomed.de\/en\/news\/\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text\">Blog Overview<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":34415,"featured_media":13875,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1625,208],"tags":[1626,1627,1628],"class_list":["post-12230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gramfaerbung-en","category-latest-publications-en","tag-gram-negativ-en","tag-gram-positiv-en","tag-gramfaerbung-en"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Gram positive or gram negative<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gram-positive or Gram-negative is noted: Gram-positive with \u201cplus\u201d &amp; 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